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The DNS Hierarchy
The DNS Namespace is based on a "tree" structure,
with a small number of generic Top Level Domains
(eg, .com, .edu,
.org) and a large number of country-based
domains (eg .au, .my,
.uk). Each TLD supports a group of
"second-level" domains, and so on, all the way down to individual
hosts.
- A domain name is a dotted sequence describing a path through
the name hierarchy from the root, maybe with a trailing dot, thus:
bindi.bendigo.latrobe.edu.au.
- An individual name component must be less than 63 characters,
must begin with a letter, etc...
- Upper and lowercase may be used, although name lookups are case
insensitive by definition.
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